Mathieu Lenoble, Thomas Hunziler and Takashi Ohira
Direction-of Arrival and Time-Delay Estimation with an ESPAR Antenna Employing the SAGE Algorithm
Abstract:The electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) antenna is a low complexity adaptive antenna, which accomplishes the beamforming in the analog domain. The sequential SAGE algorithm aims at the maximum-likelihood estimate for the unknown parameter set, though convergence is not guaranteed. In this paper we investigate a direction-of-arrival (DoA) and delay estimation technique for an ESPAR antenna, employing the space-alternating generalized expectation-maximization (SAGE) algorithm. The results from computer simulations reveal that the DoAs of two sinusoidal signals can be resolved with a high accuracy, whereas the DoAs and delays of a large number of signals can be found if the signal waveforms exhibit pseudo-noise sequence characteristics.
Key words: ESPAR antenna, DoA and delay estimation, SAGE algorithm, maximum likelihood estimation.